These secret societies of the Yoruba, Kongo and Palo religions in Nigeria, Congo and Angola respectively, developed this intricate writing system which is alive and well today in the New World in Cuba, Brazil and Trinidad and Haiti.
Ova tajna religijska društva Yoruba, Kongo i Palo u Nigeriji, Kongu i Angoli, razvila su ovaj složen sustav pisanja, živ i danas u Novom svijetu - na Kubi, u Brazilu,  na Trinidadu i Haitiju.